"Islam's Contribution to Science"
The Qur'an calls upon Muslims to look around them and study the physical world, so that they might appreciate the majesty of Allah's creation: "Behold! in the creation of the heavens and the earth; in the alternation of the night and the day; in the sailing of the ships through the ocean for the benefit of mankind; in the rain which Allah Sends down from the skies, and the life which He gives therewith to an earth that is dead; in the beasts of all kinds that He scatters through the earth; in the change of the winds, and the clouds which they trail like their slaves between the sky and the earth -- (Here) indeed are Signs for a people that are wise." (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:164)And the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) told Muslims to "seek knowledge, even if it be in China." (Meaning 'seek knowledge wherever it may be found.') Throughout Islamic history, that is exactly what Muslims have done. Particularly in the 7th-13th centuries C.E., the Islamic world was in the midst of its "Golden Age," paving the way for the growth of modern sciences. Rather than stifling science, the religion of Islam encouraged its study. Scientific inquiry was widespread, and some of the greatest scholars and scientists of the world made wondrous discoveries and inventions. Muslims led the world in the study of medicine, astronomy, mathematics, geography, chemistry, botany, and physics. They transmitted their studies to the West, where their work was built upon and further disseminated. These English words are rooted in the Arabic language, demonstrating the influence of Muslim scholars in these fields:
Famous Islamic scientists :
- alchemy
- algebra
- algorithm
- alkali
- almanac
- antimony
- average
- azimuth
- camphor
- carat
- cipher (zero)
- elixir
- nadir
- pancreas
- zenith
- zircon
Famous Islamic scientists :
- Jabir Ibn Haiyan died 803
- Mohammad Bin Musa al-Khawarizmi died 840
- Yaqub Ibn Ishaq al-Kindi 800
- Thabit Ibn Qurra 836
- Ali Ibn Rabban al-Tabari 838
- Abu Abdullah al-Battani 858
- Al-Farghani 860
- Mohammad Ibn Zakariya al-Razi 864
- Abu al-Nasr al-Farabi 870
- Abul Hasan Ali al-Masu'di died 957
- Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi 936 (see also)
- Abul Wafa Muhammad al-Buzjani 940
- Abu Ali Hasan Ibn al-Haitham 965
- Abu al-Hasan al-Mawardi 972
- Abu Raihan al-Biruni 973
- Ibn Sina 980 (see also)
- Omar al-Khayyam 1044
- Abu Hamid al-Ghazali 1058
- Abu Marwan Ibn Zuhr 1091
- Al-Idrisi 1099
- Ibn Rushd 1128
- Ibn al-Baitar died 1248
- Nasir al-Din al-Tusi 1201
- Jalal al-Din Rumi 1207
- Ibn al-Nafis 1213
- Ibn Khaldun 1332
- Ibn Sina - doctor of doctors
- El Zahrawi - father of surgery
- Ibn Battuta - the great traveller.
